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WELDING PROCESS 14 MATERIALS 12 QUALITY 8 No Catergory 7 INDUSTRIAL SAFETY 6 NEWS 3 CUTTING 1

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1# WHY IS WELDING ALUMINUM SO COMPLEX?

2# HOW WELDING WIRES ARE CLASSIFIED FOR GMAW AND GTAW PROCESSES ## GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) Wire Classification GMAW solid wires are classified according to **AWS A5.18** (for carbon steel) and other AWS specifications depending on the base metal. The classification system uses an alphanumeric designation, for example: ### **ER70S-6** | Designation | Meaning | |————-|———| | **E** | Electrode (capable of conducting current) | | **R** | Rod (can also be used as filler rod) | | **70** | Minimum tensile strength in ksi (70,000 psi) | | **S** | Solid wire | | **6** | Chemical composition and deoxidizer content | ### Common GMAW Classifications (Carbon Steel – AWS A5.18): – **ER70S-2** – Triple deoxidized; suitable for rusty or contaminated base metals – **ER70S-3** – General purpose; moderate deoxidizer levels – **

3# WHAT INSPECTION TESTS EXIST IN WELDING? Welding inspection tests are divided into two major categories: — ## 1. NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING (NDT) These tests evaluate the weld without damaging or destroying the part. – **Visual Inspection (VT):** Direct examination of the weld bead to detect surface discontinuities such as cracks, porosity, undercut, overlap, and improper weld profile. – **Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT):** A penetrant liquid is applied to detect surface-open discontinuities on non-porous materials. – **Magnetic Particle Testing (MT):** Uses magnetic fields and ferromagnetic particles to detect surface and near-surface discontinuities in ferromagnetic materials. – **Radiographic Testing (RT):** Uses X-rays or gamma rays to detect internal discontinuities such as porosity, slag inclusions, and lack of fusion. – **Ultrasonic Testing (UT):** Uses high-frequency sound waves to detect internal and surface discontinuities, as well as to measure weld thickness. – **Ed

4# Welding Process Trends in Latin America for 2025: Innovation at the Service of Industry

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